What does the term 'ad lib' refer to in theatrical practice?

The term 'ad lib' refers to improvised lines during a performance. In the context of theatre, when actors ad lib, they spontaneously create dialogue or actions that are not part of the scripted material. This can occur in response to unexpected situations, interactions with other cast members, or to fill gaps when lines are forgotten. The ability to ad lib effectively requires quick thinking and creativity, as performers must maintain the flow of the performance while staying in character.

This practice is often used to enhance the connection between the actors and the audience, adding an element of freshness and spontaneity to the performance. Ad libbing can also help to create a more dynamic and engaging experience for both the performers and the audience, allowing for moments that feel unique to each performance.