What is a theme in literature and the arts?

A theme in literature and the arts is a unifying idea or recurrent element that underlies a work. It is the central message or insight that the creator wants to convey, often reflecting the broader human experience. Themes can encompass various concepts such as love, conflict, identity, and morality, and they are woven throughout the narrative, character development, and imagery.

By focusing on theme, artists and writers can engage their audience on a deeper level, encouraging reflection and prompting discussion about the complexities of life and society. This contrasts with other elements like character descriptions or specific plot twists, which, while important, do not capture the overarching message or recurring idea that a theme represents.

Although critiques of social norms can be tied to themes in specific works, they are not synonymous with theme itself, as they represent a more narrow perspective rather than a broader unifying idea.