Which term is used to describe any type of lighting equipment?

The term "luminaire" refers to any type of lighting equipment used in theatrical settings and other environments. A luminaire encompasses not just the light source but also the fixture that holds and directs that light, making it a comprehensive term that captures various types of lighting technologies. It allows for a range of design and functionality considerations in theaters, such as different light placements, intensity, and effects, which can significantly impact the overall aesthetic and mood of a production.

In contrast, "lantern" often implies a more specific type of lighting device, typically a portable one used in various settings, but it doesn’t cover all forms of professional lighting equipment used in theater. "Neutral Density Filter" is not a lighting fixture but rather a filter that reduces the intensity of all wavelengths of light equally, used in lighting design and photography to control brightness without affecting color balance. "Parcan," while a commonly used lighting instrument in theaters, is a specific type of luminaire that utilizes a parabolic reflector; thus, it does not encompass all possible lighting equipment.

Overall, "luminaire" is the most appropriate term for any type of lighting equipment because it broadly defines the entire category of lighting tools available for theatrical performance and production.