Which theory posits that emotion stems from physiological states triggered by environmental stimuli?

The James-Lange Theory is a significant psychological framework that suggests emotions are the result of physiological reactions to stimuli in our environment. According to this theory, when we encounter an environmental stimulus, our body responds with specific physiological changes—such as increased heart rate or sweating. These physiological responses are then interpreted by the brain, leading to the experience of emotion.

For example, if you see a snake, your body might start to tremble and your heart might race. The James-Lange Theory asserts that you would then perceive those bodily changes and label them as fear. This theory emphasizes the sequence: first the physiological reaction, then the emotional experience, which is a key differentiator from other theories that might suggest emotions and physiological responses occur simultaneously or involve cognitive appraisal first. Understanding this theory helps clarify the connection between our physical state and emotional experience, highlighting the role our body plays in how we feel.