Which theory suggests that an emotion-inducing stimulus simultaneously triggers both physiological responses and the subjective experience of emotion?

The Cannon-Bard Theory posits that when an emotion-inducing stimulus occurs, it triggers both physiological responses and the subjective experience of the emotion at the same time, rather than one causing the other. This theory challenges the sequence suggested by other models, like the James-Lange Theory, which implies that physiological changes occur first and then lead to emotional experiences. The Cannon-Bard perspective underscores the idea that emotions are experienced directly and simultaneously with the physical reactions, meaning that both aspects influence each other rather than following a sequential order.

This understanding aligns well with how we often experience emotions in real life—feeling afraid while simultaneously experiencing increased heart rate and sweating rather than first feeling physiological changes and then interpreting those changes as fear.