Who is recognized as the father of Indian drama?

The title of the "father of Indian drama" is attributed to Bhrata, who is primarily known for his work "Natyashastra." This ancient text outlines the principles of Indian theatrical arts, including acting, music, dance, and aesthetics, and serves as a foundational manual for Indian drama and performance. Bhrata's contributions significantly shaped Indian theatre's structure and philosophy, influencing countless generations of playwrights and performers.

In contrast, the other figures mentioned have made important contributions to drama but within their own cultural contexts. Seneca was a Roman playwright whose tragedies are central to Western theatre, particularly influencing the development of Renaissance drama. Kalidasa, while a prominent playwright in Indian literature, is primarily known for his poetic works and not as a foundational figure for Indian drama as a whole. Shakespeare stands as a pillar of English drama, revolutionizing the theatre in the English-speaking world but is not connected to Indian theatrical traditions. Thus, Bhrata's pivotal role in establishing theatrical norms in India solidifies his recognition as the father of Indian drama.